terraform-panos-dag-nia

Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS Dynamic Address Group (DAG) Tags Module for Network Infrastructure Automation (NIA)
automation
consul
infrastructure-as-code
terraform
terraform-modules
pan-os

Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS Dynamic Address Group (DAG) Tags module for Network Infrastructure Automation (NIA)

This Terraform module allows users to support Dynamic Firewalling by integrating Consul with Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS based PA-Series and VM-Series NGFW devices to dynamically manage dynamic registration/de-registration of Dynamic Address Group (DAG) tags based on services in Consul catalog.

Using this Terraform module in conjunction with consul-terraform-sync enables teams to reduce manual ticketing processes and automate Day-2 operations related to application scale up/down in a way that is both declarative and repeatable across the organization and across multiple PAN-OS devices.

Note: This Terraform module is designed to be used only with consul-terraform-sync

Feature

This module supports the following:

  • Create, update and delete Dynamic Address Tags based service name and IP address for the service in Consul catalog. If service address is not defined in Consul catalog, node address is used instead.

If there is a missing feature or a bug - - open an issue (to be updated)

What is consul-terraform-sync?

The consul-terraform-sync runs as a daemon that enables a publisher-subscriber paradigm between Consul and PAN-OS based devices to support Network Infrastructure Automation (NIA).

  • consul-terraform-sync subscribes to updates from the Consul catalog and executes one or more automation "tasks" with appropriate value of service variables based on those updates. consul-terraform-sync leverages Terraform as the underlying automation tool and utilizes the Terraform provider ecosystem to drive relevant change to the network infrastructure.

  • Each task consists of a runbook automation written as a compatible Terraform module using resources and data sources for the underlying network infrastructure provider.

Please refer to this link (to be updated) for getting started with consul-terraform-sync

Requirements

Name Version
terraform >= 0.13
consul-terraform-sync >= 0.1.0
consul >= 1.7

Providers

Name Version
panos >= 1.6

Compatibility

This module is meant for use with consul-terraform-sync >= 0.1.0 and Terraform >= 0.13 and PAN-OS versions >= 8.0

Permissions

  • In order for the module to work as expected, the user or the api_key associated to the panos Terraform provider must have User-ID Agent permissions enabled

Caveats

  • PAN-OS versions >=9.0 have a behavior where the dynamic tags added to the address group will be present, but do not show up in the UI until the address group is associated to a policy.

Usage

In order to use this module, you will need to install consul-terraform-sync, create a "task" with this Terraform module as a source within the task, and run consul-terraform-sync.

The users can subscribe to the services in the consul catalog and define the Terraform module which will be executed when there are any updates to the subscribed services using a "task".

~> Note: It is recommended to have the (consul-terraform-sync config guide (link to be added))[https://www.consul.io/docs] for reference.
1. Download the consul-terraform-sync on a node which is highly available (prefrably, a node running a consul client) 2. Add consul-terraform-sync to the PATH on that node 3. Check the installation

 $ consul-terraform-sync --version
0.1.0
Compatible with Terraform ~>0.13.0
  1. Create a config file "tasks.hcl" for consul-terraform-sync. Please note that this just an example.
log_level = <log_level> # eg. "info"

driver "terraform" {
  log = true
  required_providers {
    panos = {
      source = "PaloAltoNetworks/panos"
    }
  }
}

consul {
  address = "<consul agent address>" # eg. "1.1.1.1:8500"
}

provider "panos" {
  alias = "panos1" 
  hostname = "<panos_address>" # eg. "2.2.2.2"
  username = "<admin_username>" # Username the API key is associated with for partial commit
  api_key  = "<api_key>" 
}



task {
  name = <name of the task (has to be unique)> # eg. "Create_DAG_on_PANOS1"
  description = <description of the task> # eg. "Dynamic Address Groups based on service definition"
  source = "github.com/PaloAltoNetworks/terraform-panos-dag-nia" # to be updated
  providers = ["panos.panos1"]
  services = ["<list of services you want to subscribe to>"] # eg. ["web", "api"]
  variable_files = ["<list of files that have user variables for this module (please input full path)>"] # eg. ["/opt/panw-config/user-demo.tfvars"]
}
  1. Start consul-terraform-sync
$ consul-terraform-sync -config-file=tasks.hcl

consul-terraform-sync will create right set of address groups and dynamic tags on the PAN-OS device based on the values in consul catalog.

consul-terraform-sync is now subscribed to the Consul catalog. Any updates to the serices identified in the task will result in updating the address and the dyanmic address group tags on the PAN-OS devices

~> Note: If you are interested in how consul-terraform-sync works, please refer to this section.

Inputs

Name Description Type Default Required
vsys_name PAN-OS virual system name, e.g., vsys1 string vsys1 yes
dag_prefix Prefix to be added to the dynamic address group on PAN-OS device created by consul-terraform-sync string no
dag_suffix Suffix to be added to the dynamic address group on PAN-OS device created by consul-terraform-sync string no
services Consul services monitored by consul-terraform-sync map( object({ id = string name = string address = string port = number meta = map(string) tags = list(string) namespace = string status = string node = string node_id = string node_address = string node_datacenter = string node_tagged_addresses = map(string) node_meta = map(string) }) ) n/a yes

Outputs

Name Description
address_groups Name of address groups dynamically created on PAN-OS device through consul-terraform-sync
tag_to_ip_associatuion Name of the dynamic address tags created and the IP addresses associated

How does consul-terraform-sync work?

There are 2 aspects of consul-terraform-sync. 1. Updates from Consul catalog: In the backend, consul-terraform-sync creates a blocking API query session with the Consul agent indentified in the config to get updates from the Consul catalog. consul-terraform-sync. consul-terraform-sync will get an update for the services in the consul catalog when any of the following service attributes are created, updated or deleted. These updates include service creation and deletion as well.

  • service id
  • service name
  • service address
  • service port
  • service meta
  • service tags
  • service namespace
  • service health status
  • node id
  • node address
  • node datacenter
  • node tagged addresses
  • node meta
  1. Managing the entire Terraform workflow: If a task and is defined, one or more services are associated with the task, provider is declared in the task and a Terraform module is specified using the source field of the task, the following sequence of events will occur:

    1. consul-terraform-sync will install the required version of Terraform.

    2. consul-terraform-sync will install the required version of the Terraform provider defined in the config file and declared in the "task".

    3. A new direstory "nia-tasks" with a sub-directory corresponding to each "task" will be created. This is the reason for having strict guidelines around naming.

    4. Each sub-directory corresponds to a separate Terraform workspace.

    5. Within each sub-directory corresponding a task, consul-terraform-sync will template a main.tf, variables.tf, terraform.tfvars and terraform.tfvars.tmpl. main.tf: This files contains declaration for the required terraform and provider versions based on the task definition. In addition, this file has the module (identified by the 'source' field in the task) declaration with the input variables Consul K/V is used as the backend state for fo this Terraform workspace.

         example generated main.tf:
          ```terraform
         # This file is generated by Consul NIA.
         #
         # The HCL blocks, arguments, variables, and values are derived from the
         # operator configuration for Consul NIA. Any manual changes to this file
         # may not be preserved and could be clobbered by a subsequent update.
      
         terraform {
           required_version = "~>0.13.0"
           required_providers {
             panos = {
               source = "PaloAltoNetworks/panos"
             }
           }
           backend "consul" {
             address = "1.1.1.1:8500"
             gzip    = true
             path    = "consul-nia/terraform"
           }
         }
      
         provider "panos" {
           api_key  = var.panos.api_key
           hostname = var.panos.hostname
         }
      
         # Dynamic Address Groups based on service definition
         module "Create_DAG_on_PANOS1" {
           source   = "github.com/PaloAltoNetworks/terraform-panos-dag-nia"
           services = var.services
      
           vsys_name = var.vsys_name
         }
      
          ```
      * **variables.tf:**
        * This is variables.tf file defined in the module
        
         example generated variables.tf
         ```terraform
         variable "services" {
         description = "Consul services monitored by Consul NIA"
           type = map(
             object({
               id        = string
               name      = string
               address   = string
               port      = number
               status    = string
               meta      = map(string)
               tags      = list(string)
               namespace = string
      
               node                  = string
               node_id               = string
               node_address          = string
               node_datacenter       = string
               node_tagged_addresses = map(string)
               node_meta             = map(string)
             })
           )
         }
      
         variable "vsys_name" {
           # https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/pan-os/9-0/pan-os-web-interface-help/device/device-virtual-systems.html
           description = "The name of the virtual system"
           type        = string
           default     = "vsys1"
         }
      
         variable "dag_prefix" {
           type        = string
           description = "(Optional) Prefix added to the dynamic address group created by Consul"
           default     = ""
         }
      
         variable "dag_suffix" {
           type        = string
           description = "(Optional) Suffix added to the dynamic address group created by Consul"
           default     = ""
         }
      
         ```
      * **terraform.tfvars:**
         * This is the most important file generated by consul-terraform-sync.
         * This variables file is generated with the most updated values from Consul catalog for all the services identified in the task.
         * consul-terraform-sync updates this file with the latest values when the corresponding service gets updated in Consul catalog.
         
         example terraform.tfvars
         ```terraform
         services = {
           "api2" : {
             id              = "api2"
             name            = "api"
             address         = "172.31.29.206"
             port            = 8090
             meta            = {}
             tags            = ["api", "dc1", "test"]
             namespace       = null
             status          = "passing"
             node            = "i-03a2d3e5efc9df8fc"
             node_id         = "a179f33b-b4b5-bf85-1ba3-a8d29546dbfb"
             node_address    = "172.31.29.206"
             node_datacenter = "us-east-1"
             node_tagged_addresses = {
               lan      = "172.31.29.206"
               lan_ipv4 = "172.31.29.206"
               wan      = "172.31.29.206"
               wan_ipv4 = "172.31.29.206"
             }
             node_meta = {
               consul-network-segment = ""
             }
           },
           "api1" : {
             id              = "api1"
             name            = "api"
             address         = "172.31.13.27"
             port            = 8090
             meta            = {}
             tags            = ["api", "dc1", "test"]
             namespace       = null
             status          = "passing"
             node            = "i-06535c245da7eb639"
             node_id         = "3d32e036-8b5f-2528-6a08-153ee6246072"
             node_address    = "172.31.13.27"
             node_datacenter = "us-east-1"
             node_tagged_addresses = {
               lan      = "172.31.13.27"
               lan_ipv4 = "172.31.13.27"
               wan      = "172.31.13.27"
               wan_ipv4 = "172.31.13.27"
             }
             node_meta = {
               consul-network-segment = ""
             }
           },
           "api0" : {
             id              = "api0"
             name            = "api"
             address         = "172.31.94.1"
             port            = 8090
             meta            = {}
             tags            = ["api", "dc1", "test"]
             namespace       = null
             status          = "passing"
             node            = "i-0d61132ea5ad3c0bf"
             node_id         = "d7d41dc5-7b60-3dbb-0537-6abcf453daa9"
             node_address    = "172.31.94.1"
             node_datacenter = "us-east-1"
             node_tagged_addresses = {
               lan      = "172.31.94.1"
               lan_ipv4 = "172.31.94.1"
               wan      = "172.31.94.1"
               wan_ipv4 = "172.31.94.1"
             }
             node_meta = {
               consul-network-segment = ""
             }
           },
           "web0" : {
             id              = "web0"
             name            = "web"
             address         = "172.31.43.78"
             port            = 80
             meta            = {}
             tags            = ["dc1", "nginx", "test", "web"]
             namespace       = null
             status          = "passing"
             node            = "i-08040820d8d7c4984"
             node_id         = "63844302-407d-5cc6-a618-a9e5caad1d1f"
             node_address    = "172.31.43.78"
             node_datacenter = "us-east-1"
             node_tagged_addresses = {
               lan      = "172.31.43.78"
               lan_ipv4 = "172.31.43.78"
               wan      = "172.31.43.78"
               wan_ipv4 = "172.31.43.78"
             }
             node_meta = {
               consul-network-segment = ""
             }
           },
           "web3" : {
             id              = "web3"
             name            = "web"
             address         = "192.168.128.17"
             port            = 80
             meta            = {}
             tags            = ["dc1", "nginx", "test", "web"]
             namespace       = null
             status          = "passing"
             node            = "i-0d61132ea5ad3c0bf"
             node_id         = "d7d41dc5-7b60-3dbb-0537-6abcf453daa9"
             node_address    = "172.31.94.1"
             node_datacenter = "us-east-1"
             node_tagged_addresses = {
               lan      = "172.31.94.1"
               lan_ipv4 = "172.31.94.1"
               wan      = "172.31.94.1"
               wan_ipv4 = "172.31.94.1"
             }
             node_meta = {
               consul-network-segment = ""
             }
           },
           "web1" : {
             id              = "web1"
             name            = "web"
             address         = "172.31.51.85"
             port            = 80
             meta            = {}
             tags            = ["dc1", "nginx", "test", "web"]
             namespace       = null
             status          = "passing"
             node            = "i-0f92f7eb4b6fb460a"
             node_id         = "778506df-a1b2-65e0-fe1e-eafd2d1162a8"
             node_address    = "172.31.51.85"
             node_datacenter = "us-east-1"
             node_tagged_addresses = {
               lan      = "172.31.51.85"
               lan_ipv4 = "172.31.51.85"
               wan      = "172.31.51.85"
               wan_ipv4 = "172.31.51.85"
             }
             node_meta = {
               consul-network-segment = ""
             }
           }
         }
         
         ```
      * **Network Infrastructure Automation (NIA) compatible modules are built to utilize the above service variables**
      
      1. consul-terraform-sync manages the entire Terraform workflow of plan, apply and destroy for all the individual workspaces corrresponding to the defined "tasks" based on the updates to the services to those tasks.

      In summary, consul-terraform-sync triggers a Terraform workflow (plan, apply, destroy) based on updates it detects from Consul catalog.

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